Northwestern Normal University Secretarial Science Course Syllabus
188bet slot casino Documentation
一、Description
(1) Nature of the course
188bet slot casino Documents is an elective course for secretarial majors。This subject area involves many important basic concepts of 188bet slot casino document management in computer and network environments、Basic theory、Basic rules、Basic Principles、Basic idea、Basic Technology、Basic methods and skills。
(2) Teaching purposes
Pass the study of this course,Understand the entire life cycle of 188bet slot casino documents,Understand the main factors affecting the authenticity, integrity and effective management of 188bet slot casino documents,Master the basic theories and methods of managing 188bet slot casino files,And 188bet slot casino document management、Legal issues related to utilization。This course mainly trains students to use the principles of 188bet slot casino document management to observe、Analyze and solve the management problems of this new type of documents in the 188bet slot casino environment,Lay a solid management foundation for important document management and information management in the 188bet slot casino environment。
(3) Teaching content
This course focuses on the basic concepts of 188bet slot casino documents、Metadata and file life cycle theory、Management principles and methods for maintaining the authenticity and integrity of 188bet slot casino documents、Learn legal issues related to 188bet slot casino document management。Because the knowledge points of this course are more integrated with other subjects,Practice and case study are extremely important。
(4) Teaching hours
This course is offered for one semester, total36 credit hours, with an average of 2 credit hours per week.
Serial number | Content | credit hours |
1 | Chapter 1 Overview of 188bet slot casino Documents | 4 |
2 | Section 1 Concept and Types of 188bet slot casino Documents | 2 |
3 | Section 2 Characteristics of 188bet slot casino documents | 2 |
4 | Chapter 2 Overview of 188bet slot casino Document Management | 4 |
5 | Section 1: Management Principles of 188bet slot casino Documents | 1 |
6 | Section 2 Management Model of 188bet slot casino Documents | 1 |
7 | Section 3 Regulations, Systems and Standards for 188bet slot casino Document Management | 2 |
8 | Chapter 3 Identification and Archiving of 188bet slot casino Documents | 4 |
9 | Section 1: Contents of 188bet slot casino Document Authentication | 1 |
10 | Section 2 Content Identification of 188bet slot casino Documents | 1 |
11 | Section 3 Technical Appraisal of 188bet slot casino Documents、Disposal and identification process monitoring | 1 |
12 | Section 4 Archiving of 188bet slot casino Documents | 1 |
13 | Chapter 4 Retrieval of 188bet slot casino Documents | 4 |
14 | Section 1 Overview of 188bet slot casino Document Retrieval | 1 |
15 | Section 2 188bet slot casino Document Retrieval System | 1 |
16 | Section 3: Description of 188bet slot casino Documents | 1 |
17 | Section 4 Network Retrieval of 188bet slot casino Documents | 1 |
18 | Chapter 5 Utilization of 188bet slot casino Documents | 4 |
19 | Section 1 Characteristics and principles of 188bet slot casino document utilization | 2 |
20 | Section 2: Ways and methods of developing and utilizing 188bet slot casino documents | 2 |
21 | Chapter 6 Storage of 188bet slot casino Documents | 4 |
22 | Section 1: Storage of 188bet slot casino Document Carriers | 2 |
23 | Section 2 188bet slot casino Document Information Protection | 2 |
24 | Chapter 7 188bet slot casino Document Management System | 4 |
25 | Section 1 Overview of 188bet slot casino Document Management System | 2 |
26 | Section 2 188bet slot casino Document Management System Development | 2 |
27 | Chapter 8 Database 188bet slot casino File Management | 4 |
28 | Section 1 Overview of Database Management System | 1 |
29 | Section 2: Management Tools for Database 188bet slot casino Files | 1 |
30 | Section 3: Strategy and technical background of database 188bet slot casino file management | 2 |
31 | Chapter 9 Email Management | 4 |
32 | Section 1 Email Overview | 1 |
33 | Section 2 The nature and characteristics of 188bet slot casino official mail | 1 |
34 | Section 3 Management of 188bet slot casino official mail | 2 |
Total | 36 |
(5) Teaching methods
Heuristic classroom teaching,Lecture、Experiment、Video teaching、Look up information after class、Learn to write course papers, etc.。
2. This article
Chapter 1 Overview of 188bet slot casino Documents
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the definition of 188bet slot casino documents and the two basic characteristics they reveal,Understand the types of 188bet slot casino documents,Life cycle of 188bet slot casino documents,Understand the characteristics of 188bet slot casino documents。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 The Concept and Types of 188bet slot casino Documents (2 hours)
1. The concept of 188bet slot casino files
188bet slot casino document concept。Two basic characteristics of 188bet slot casino files revealed by the concept。
2. Types of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) 188bet slot casino files are classified according to the form of information existence.
(2) 188bet slot casino files are classified according to the function of the file.
(3) 188bet slot casino files are classified according to the way they are generated.
3. Life cycle of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Three stages of the life cycle of 188bet slot casino documents.
(2) Basic ideas of 188bet slot casino document life cycle theory。
Section 2 Characteristics of 188bet slot casino documents (2 hours)
1. Non-human readability of information
2. System dependencies
3. Separability between information and specific carriers
4. The variability of information
The main reason for changes in 188bet slot casino file information.
5. High density of information storage
6. Integration of multiple information media
7. Operability of information
The main manifestation of the operability of digital information.
Assessment requirements:
一、The concept of 188bet slot casino files
(1) Memorization: definition of 188bet slot casino files.
(2) Comprehension: Two basic characteristics revealed by the concept of 188bet slot casino documents
2. Types of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization: text file、Data file、Graphic file、Image file、Image file、Sound file、Command file、Master file、Supporting Documents、Supporting Documents、Tool files、Multimedia files、Hypertext file meaning。
(2) Understanding: According to the form of information existence、File function、Classification of 188bet slot casino files by file generation methods。
3. Life cycle of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization: three stages of the 188bet slot casino document life cycle。
(2) Understanding: the basic idea of 188bet slot casino document life cycle theory。
4. Characteristics of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization: Characteristics of 188bet slot casino documents.
(2) Comprehension:
1.The main reasons for changes in 188bet slot casino file information;
2.The main manifestation of the operability of digital information.
Chapter 2 Overview of 188bet slot casino Document Management
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Master the basic principles and different management models of 188bet slot casino document management,Understand the regulations of 188bet slot casino document management、Systems and Standards。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1: Management Principles of 188bet slot casino Documents (1 credit hour)
1. Whole-process management principles
2. Front-end control principles
3. Principle of Authenticity Guarantee
4. Integrity Guarantee Principle
5. Principle of readability guarantee
Section 2 Management Model of 188bet slot casino Documents (1 credit hour)
1. Management model of 188bet slot casino files within machinery
Implement unified management of 188bet slot casino documents,Execution file、Integrated file management。
2. Management model of 188bet slot casino files in archives
Centralized storage mode, distributed storage mode.
3. Digital Archives
The concept of digital archives、The connection and difference between digital archives and digital libraries、Main functions of digital archives。
Section 3 Regulations, Systems and Standards for 188bet slot casino Document Management(2 hours)
1. Legal norms for 188bet slot casino document management
About the legal evidence of 188bet slot casino documents、188bet slot casino document security、Privacy in 188bet slot casino documents、Legal regulations on intellectual property issues。
2. 188bet slot casino Document System
Comprehensive 188bet slot casino document management system,Special 188bet slot casino document management system。
3. 188bet slot casino document standards
Assessment requirements:
1. Principles of 188bet slot casino document management
(1) Memorization:
1.The meaning of full management of 188bet slot casino documents;
2.Front-end control meaning;
3.The meaning of authenticity of 188bet slot casino files;
4.The meaning of 188bet slot casino file integrity;
5.The meaning of 188bet slot casino document readability.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Full-process management framework model of 188bet slot casino documents;
2.The necessity of front-end control;
3.Difficulty and measures to maintain the authenticity of 188bet slot casino documents;
4.Requirements to ensure the integrity of 188bet slot casino documents;
5.Measures to ensure the readability of 188bet slot casino documents.
2. 188bet slot casino document management mode
(1) Memorization:
1.Centralized storage mode;
2.Distributed custody mode;
3.Digital archive concept
(2) Comprehension:
1.Internal 188bet slot casino documents within the organization must be managed uniformly,Execution file、Integrated file management;
2.Reasons for advocating that archives implement a centralized storage model or a distributed storage model for 188bet slot casino files;
3. The connection and difference between digital archives and digital libraries;
4. The main functions of digital archives.
3. 188bet slot casino document management regulations, systems and standards
(1) Memorization:
1.The meaning and characteristics of legal regulations for 188bet slot casino documents;
2.The meaning of 188bet slot casino document system;
3.Comprehensive 188bet slot casino document management system;
4.Special 188bet slot casino document management system;
5.The standard meaning of 188bet slot casino documents.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Relationships and differences between 188bet slot casino document legal norms and 188bet slot casino document systems;
2.The types and main contents of my country’s 188bet slot casino document standards.
Chapter 3 Identification and Archiving of 188bet slot casino Documents
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the principles and contents of 188bet slot casino document appraisal,Understand 188bet slot casino document content authentication、Contents of technical appraisal and disposal、Methods and requirements,Understand the scope of 188bet slot casino filing、Method、Time、Requirements and procedures。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Contents of 188bet slot casino document identification work (1 credit hour)
1. Factors affecting the identification of 188bet slot casino documents
2. Contents and characteristics of 188bet slot casino document appraisal work
(1) Identification of 188bet slot casino documents,Content identification and technical status identification of 188bet slot casino files,Disposal of 188bet slot casino documents;
(2) Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document identification work.
Section 2 Content Identification of 188bet slot casino Documents (1 credit hour)
1. Elements of 188bet slot casino document content identification
2. Basic methods of 188bet slot casino document content identification
3. Steps for content identification of 188bet slot casino files
Section 3 Technical Appraisal of 188bet slot casino Documents、Disposal and identification process monitoring (1 credit hour)
1. Technical appraisal of 188bet slot casino documents
Authenticity verification、Integrity Authentication、Readability Assessment、No virus identification、Media status detection
2. Disposal of 188bet slot casino documents
3. Monitoring of the identification process
Section 4 Archiving of 188bet slot casino Documents (1 credit hour)
1. Archiving scope of 188bet slot casino documents
The filing scope of 188bet slot casino documents. Double filing system.
2. How to archive 188bet slot casino documents
Logical archive, physical archive
3. Archiving time of 188bet slot casino documents
IV. Archiving requirements for 188bet slot casino documents
5. Filing procedures
Assessment requirements:
1. Contents and characteristics of 188bet slot casino document appraisal work
(1) Memorization:
1.The concept of 188bet slot casino document authentication;
2.Double authentication of 188bet slot casino documents;
3.Disposal of 188bet slot casino documents.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Influencing factors of 188bet slot casino document identification work;
2.The tasks, time and steps of 188bet slot casino document identification work;
3.Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document appraisal work.
2. Content identification of 188bet slot casino files
(1) Memorization: function identification method.
(2) Comprehension:
1.The value subject, appraiser and document value of 188bet slot casino documents;
2.Steps for content identification of 188bet slot casino documents.
3. Technical appraisal of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization:
1.188bet slot casino document folding technical appraisal;
2.Integrity verification;
3.Readability assessment.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Measures for maintaining the authenticity of 188bet slot casino documents and content of authenticity appraisal;
2.Content for readability assessment.
IV. 188bet slot casino document disposal and identification process monitoring
(1) Comprehension:
1.The content, methods and basis of 188bet slot casino document disposal work;
2.Documents recording the identification of 188bet slot casino documents;
3.Monitoring measures for 188bet slot casino document identification work.
5. Archiving of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization:
1.Logical archive;
2.Physical archive.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Archiving methods and characteristics of 188bet slot casino documents;
2.Archival time of 188bet slot casino files;
3.Quality requirements for archived 188bet slot casino documents;
4.188bet slot casino document filing procedures.
Chapter 4 Retrieval of 188bet slot casino Documents
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the process and types of 188bet slot casino document retrieval,The concept of 188bet slot casino document retrieval system、Functional requirements and development。Master the description and indexing of 188bet slot casino documents,Understand the characteristics of network retrieval of 188bet slot casino documents、Steps and System Evaluation。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Overview of 188bet slot casino Document Retrieval (1 credit hour)
1. The meaning of 188bet slot casino file retrieval
2. Types of 188bet slot casino document retrieval
Batch retrieval、Online search、Boolean search、Truncation search、Weighted search、Original text search、Hypertext search
Section 2 188bet slot casino Document Retrieval System (1 credit hour)
1. User interface
2. Search language
New features and trends in 188bet slot casino document retrieval languages
3. Expert system
The function of the 188bet slot casino document retrieval expert system.
Section 3: Description of 188bet slot casino Documents (1 credit hour)
1. Concept and characteristics of 188bet slot casino document description
Concept of 188bet slot casino document description, characteristics of 188bet slot casino document description
2. Organization of 188bet slot casino document description
3. Description items of 188bet slot casino documents
4. Indexing of 188bet slot casino documents
188bet slot casino document indexing, 188bet slot casino document automatic indexing.
5. Metadata
The meaning and function of metadata,Constitution of metadata,Metadata management.
Section 4 Network retrieval of 188bet slot casino documents (1 credit hour)
1. 188bet slot casino documentsFeatures of Web retrieval
2. 188bet slot casino documentsSteps of Web retrieval
3. Evaluation of 188bet slot casino document network retrieval system
Assessment requirements:
1. The meaning and types of 188bet slot casino document retrieval
(1) Memorization:
1.Batch retrieval;
2.Online search;
3.Boolean search;
4.Truncation search;
5.Weighted search;
6.Original text search;
7.Hypertext search
(2) Comprehension:
1.188bet slot casino document retrieval process;
2.Comparison between batch retrieval and online retrieval;
3.Characteristics of hypertext retrieval.
2. 188bet slot casino document retrieval system
(1) Memorization:
1.Concept of 188bet slot casino document retrieval system and its functional requirements;
2.188bet slot casino document retrieval expert system
(2) Comprehension:
1.Available technologies for user interface design of 188bet slot casino document retrieval systems;
2.Two major characteristics and trends of 188bet slot casino document retrieval languages;
3.The function of 188bet slot casino document retrieval expert system.
3. Description and indexing of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization:
1.Concept of 188bet slot casino document description;
2.188bet slot casino document indexing, automatic indexing and its forms;
3.Metadata
(2) Comprehension:
1.Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document description;
2.Organization of 188bet slot casino document description;
3.Three parts of complete bibliographic information in an 188bet slot casino file;
4.The connection and difference between metadata and descriptive data;
5.Component of file custody metadata;
6.Metadata management.
4. Network retrieval of 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization:
1.EAD;
2.Data coverage、Number of linked systems、Ratio of various types of data、Recall rate、Precision rate、Response time、Accessibility。
(2) Comprehension:
1.188bet slot casino filesFeatures of Web retrieval;
2.188bet slot casino filesSteps of Web retrieval;
3.Evaluation indicators for 188bet slot casino document network retrieval systems.
Chapter 5 Utilization of 188bet slot casino Documents
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the characteristics and principles of 188bet slot casino document utilization,Understand the obstacles and countermeasures to the use of 188bet slot casino documents,Familiar with the methods and methods of developing and utilizing 188bet slot casino files。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Characteristics and principles of 188bet slot casino document utilization (2 hours)
1. Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document utilization
2. Principles of 188bet slot casino document utilization
3. Obstacles and Countermeasures in the Utilization of 188bet slot casino Documents
Section 2 Methods and methods for the development and utilization of 188bet slot casino documents (2 hours)
1. Methods of developing 188bet slot casino document resources
2. Compilation and research of 188bet slot casino documents
3. Ways and means of providing and utilizing 188bet slot casino documents
Assessment requirements:
1. Characteristics and principles of 188bet slot casino document utilization
(1) Memorization: Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document utilization
(2) Comprehension:
1.Principles of 188bet slot casino document utilization;
2.Barriers to 188bet slot casino document utilization.
2. Ways and methods of developing and utilizing 188bet slot casino documents
(1) Memorization:
1.Compilation and research of 188bet slot casino documents;
2.188bet slot casino document compilation products and their types;
3.Read on the spot;
4.Lending;
5.Copy supply;
6.Consulting services;
7.Website service;
8.LAN service.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document compilation and research work;
2.Types of 188bet slot casino document provision services.
Chapter 6 Storage of 188bet slot casino Documents
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the types of 188bet slot casino document carriers and their protection measures,Understand the information security specifications of 188bet slot casino documents and related measures for information protection。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Storage of 188bet slot casino Document Carriers (2 hours)
1. Types of 188bet slot casino document carriers
2. Protection of 188bet slot casino document carriers
Section 2 188bet slot casino Document Information Protection (2 hours)
1. Information security specifications
2. Information encryption technology
3. Information authentication technology
4. Prevention and Control of Computer Viruses
5. Information backup
6. Network Security
7. Long-term access technology for 188bet slot casino documents
Assessment requirements:
1. Storage of 188bet slot casino document carriers
(1) Memorization: Estimated life span of various media.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Types, characteristics and applications of magnetic tape;
2.Classification, characteristics and applications of hard drives;
3.Classification, characteristics and applications of floppy disks;
4.Types, characteristics and applications of optical discs.
2. 188bet slot casino document information protection
(1) Memorization:
1.Computer viruses and their types;
2.Backup technology and backup management system.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Main aspects of 188bet slot casino document information security regulations;
2.The purpose, requirements and practical techniques of information authentication;
3.Characteristics and prevention of computer viruses;
4.Network security threats and security technologies.
Chapter 7 188bet slot casino Document Management System
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the concepts and characteristics of 188bet slot casino document management systems,Understand the development principles of 188bet slot casino document management systems、Implementation methods and factors that restrict the success or failure of system development,Preliminary understanding of the investigation and analysis of developing 188bet slot casino document management system、Design、Implementation and other work。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Overview of 188bet slot casino Document Management System (2 hours)
1. Concept of 188bet slot casino document management system
2. Characteristics of 188bet slot casino document management system
Section 2 188bet slot casino Document Management System Development (2 hours)
1. Development principles of 188bet slot casino document management system
Wholeness、Full-range、Security、Relevance、Comprehensive、Automation、Follow-up
2. Implementation method of 188bet slot casino document management system
Embedded, combined, independent
3. Factors affecting the success or failure of 188bet slot casino document management system development
IV. Investigation and analysis of 188bet slot casino document management system
5. Analysis of functional requirements of 188bet slot casino document management system
6. Design, implementation and evaluation of 188bet slot casino document management system
Assessment requirements:
1. Concept and characteristics of 188bet slot casino document management system
(1) Memorization: 188bet slot casino document management system.
(2) Understand: the characteristics of 188bet slot casino document management systems.
2. Development of 188bet slot casino document management system
(1) Memorization:
1.Seven principles of 188bet slot casino document management system development;
2.Three implementation methods of 188bet slot casino document management system.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Holistic principles for the development of 188bet slot casino document management systems;
2.Comprehensive principles for the development of 188bet slot casino document management systems;
3.Security principles for the development of 188bet slot casino document management systems;
4.Relevance principles in the development of 188bet slot casino document management systems;
5.Relevance between 188bet slot casino files;
6.Comprehensive performance of 188bet slot casino document management system;
7.What needs to be done when the 188bet slot casino document management system adopts embedded implementation;
8.Factors affecting the success or failure of 188bet slot casino document management system development;
9.The expected goals of the 188bet slot casino document management system;
10.The purpose of investigating the macro-environment of the organization before designing the 188bet slot casino document management system;
11.The purpose and process of investigating organizational functional activities before designing the 188bet slot casino document management system;
12.The main work content of the 188bet slot casino document management system design phase;
13.The main work content of the implementation phase of the 188bet slot casino document management system.
Chapter 8 Database 188bet slot casino File Management
Teaching points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the basic concepts of database management systems,Understand the management tools of database 188bet slot casino files、Management strategy and technical background。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Overview of Database Management System (1 credit hour)
1. Characteristics of relational database
2. Basic concepts of database management system
3. Operation objects and operation mechanisms in relational databases
Section 2 Management Tools for Database 188bet slot casino Files (1 credit hour)
1. Data Dictionary
2. Log Management
3. Security mechanism
4. Integrity Mechanism
Section 3: Strategy and technical background of database 188bet slot casino file management (2 hours)
1. Management strategy
2. Technical background and trends
Assessment requirements:
1. Database management system
(1) Memorization:
1.Database 188bet slot casino file;
2.Data model and its composition;
3.Relational schema and tables;
4.View.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Characteristics of relational database;
2.Three-level mode of database system.
2. Database 188bet slot casino file management tools
(1) Memorization:
1.Data dictionary;
2.Log.
(2) Comprehension:
1.Function of data dictionary system;
2.Log function;
3.User classification and its purpose;
4.Data integrity and how to achieve it.
3. Strategy and technical background of database 188bet slot casino file management
(1) Comprehension:
1.Management strategy of database 188bet slot casino files;
2.The development trend of new generation database.
Chapter 9 Email Management
Assessment points:
Learn through this chapter,Understand the concept of email、Understand the nature and characteristics of 188bet slot casino official mail,Master the difficulties and management principles of 188bet slot casino official mail management。
Teaching hours:
The teaching hours of this chapter are4 hours.
Teaching content:
Section 1 Email Overview (1 credit hour)
1. Email concept
2. Application characteristics of email
3. Types of emails
4. Functions of email
Section 2 The nature and characteristics of 188bet slot casino official mail (1 credit hour)
1. Application scope of email in official activities
2. Nature of 188bet slot casino official mail
3. Characteristics of 188bet slot casino official mail
Section 3 Management of 188bet slot casino business emails (2 hours)
1. Difficulties in the management of 188bet slot casino official emails
2. 188bet slot casino official mail management principles
Assessment requirements:
1. Basic concepts of email
(1) Memorization: Email concept.
(2) Comprehension:
1.E-mail application features;
2.Type of email;
3.The functionality of email.
2. The nature, characteristics and management of 188bet slot casino official mail
(1) Memorization:
1.Concept of 188bet slot casino official mail
(2) Comprehension:
1.Application scope of email in official activities;
2.Properties of 188bet slot casino official mail;
3.Characteristics of 188bet slot casino official mail;
4.Difficulties in managing 188bet slot casino business emails.
3. Bibliography:
1.Feng Huiling,《188bet slot casino Document Management Tutorial》,China Renmin University Press2001 edition.
2.Ding Haibin,"Basics of 188bet slot casino Document Management",China Archives Publishing House 2002 Edition。
3.Jin Bo、Ding Huadong,"188bet slot casino Document Management",Shanghai University Press2007Year edition.
4.Liu familyTrue,"188bet slot casino Document Management--188bet slot casino Documents and Evidence Retention",Science Press2009First edition in September.
Guiding opinions on the use of teaching aids and modern educational technology in this course
Make full use of modern teaching methods such as multimedia,Use multimedia projection to teach,Overall optimization of teaching process and teaching content;Secondly,Teaching by example,Enable students to acquire corresponding operational knowledge and skills by imitating examples,Lay a good foundation for the next step of self-creation。